In view of the wide extending soil salinity, the study of the chemical responses of the medicinal and aromatic plants to salinity needs some focus in Tunisia. If global food production is to be maintained, it seems reasonable to predict that enhancement of salt tolerance of crops will be increasingly important to many plant breeding programs (Arzani, 2008). The major inhibitory effect of salinity on plant growth and yield has been attributed to osmotic effect, ion toxicity and nutritional imbalance leading to reduction in photosynthetic efficiency and other physiological disorders (Mahajan and Tutija, 2005 Zhu, 2007). Salinity is one of the most important environmental stresses that reduce growth, development and production of plants. vulgare are considered to be responsible for its antioxidant activity while the volatile aroma compounds make it an excellent flavouring agent (Rather et al. vulgare to exhibit antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antithrombotic and hepatoprotective activities, lending support to the rationale behind several of its therapeutic uses (El-Awadi and Hassan, 2010 Bahmani et al. Different pharmacological experiments in a number of in vitro and in vivo models have convincingly demonstrated the ability of F. Phenols, phenolic glycosides and volatile aroma compounds such as trans-anethole, estragole and fenchone have been reported as the major phytoconstituents of this species. Its seeds are used as flavourings in baked goods, meat and fish dishes, ice cream, alcoholic beverages and herb mixtures (Rather et al. Keywords: Foeniculum vulgarae Mill., seeds, salinity, polyphenols, antioxidant.įoeniculum vulgare (Apiaceae) commonly known as fennel is a well known and important medicinal and aromatic plant widely used as carminative, digestive, lactogogue and diuretic and in treating respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders. In this case, fennel seeds produced under saline conditions may function as a potential source of antioxidant compounds, which could support the utilization of this plant in a large field of applications such as food industry. The highest antioxidant activities were reveled in severe stressed plants for both TFS and EFS. Moreover, antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by four different test systems, namely 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, β-carotene/linoleic acid chelating, and reducing power assays. Besides, total polyphenol content was higher in treated seeds, and salinity improved the amount of individual phenolic compounds. This also caused important reductions in the seed yield and yield components. Plant growth was significantly reduced with the severity of saline treatment. Plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl treatment: 0, 50, and 75 mmoL. This plant is one of the most common aromatics in the Mediterranean kitchen. In this context, this research evaluated the effect of salinity on total and individual polyphenols contents as well as the antioxidant activities of fennel ( Foeniculum vulgarae Mill.) seeds of two geographic origins, Tunisia (TFS) and Egypt (EFS). Among all the secondary metabolites synthesized by plants, phenolic compounds are some of the most widespread. Salinity led to biochemical disorders and can change plant behaviour regarding the biosynthesis of primary and secondary metabolites. In Tunisia, salt-affected soils cover about 10% of the total area of the country. Salinity is one of the major factors that affect essential oil biosynthesis and secretion (Heuer et al. Although, secondary metabolites in the medicinal and aromatic plants were fundamentally produced by genetic processing but, their biosynthesis is strongly influenced by environmental factors. The consumption of herbal medicines is widespread and is continuously increasing worldwide. KSOURIġ Laboratory of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia.Ģ General and Organic Chemistry Volatomics, Gembloux AgroBio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des déportés, 2-5030 Gembloux BelgiumĪbstract - Recently, medicinal and aromatic plants have received much attention in several fields such agroalimentary, perfumes, pharmaceutical industries and natural cosmetic products. Attachments: Volume spécial - CSIEA2017, Article3
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